{"id":1312,"date":"2013-07-09T15:00:03","date_gmt":"2013-07-09T15:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/polonus.sk\/?p=1312"},"modified":"2013-07-09T15:00:03","modified_gmt":"2013-07-09T15:00:03","slug":"jan-czochralski-1885-1953-pl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/jan-czochralski-1885-1953-pl\/","title":{"rendered":"Jan Czochralski (1885-1953)-pl"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:en--><br \/>\n<!--:--><!--:pl--><strong>Rok 2013 rokiem<\/strong> &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8230; <strong>Jana Czochralskiego<\/strong> (1885-1953)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jan Czochralski by\u0142 wybitnym polskim chemikiem, metaloznawc\u0105 i\u00a0wynalazc\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>Najbardziej znanym wynalazkiem Czochralskiego jest technika produkcji monokryszta\u0142\u00f3w p\u00f3\u0142metali,\u00a0metali\u00a0i ich\u00a0stop\u00f3w. Metoda Czochralskiego opracowana w 1916 roku jest najstarsz\u0105 i\u00a0 we wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnym techniki powszechnie stosowan\u0105 m.in. do produkcji na skal\u0119 przemys\u0142ow\u0105 monokryszta\u0142\u00f3w\u00a0krzemu\u00a0\/p\u00f3\u0142przewodnik\u00f3w\/.<\/p>\n<p>Jan Czochralski by\u0142 znanym uczonym, kt\u00f3ry w 1929 roku otrzyma\u0142 tytu\u0142 doktora honoris causa Politechniki Warszawskiej, gdzie by\u0142 profesorem na Wydziale Chemicznym i\u00a0prowadzi\u0142 Katedr\u0119 Metalurgii i\u00a0Metaloznawstwa. Wraz z\u00a0grup\u0105 naukowc\u00f3w stworzy\u0142 podstawy polskiej metalurgii. W ko\u0144cu 1939 uruchomi\u0142 w Warszawie Zak\u0142ad Bada\u0144 Materia\u0142\u00f3w zamieniony podczas okupacji hitlerowskiej w laboratorium produkuj\u0105ce amunicj\u0119.<\/p>\n<p>Po zako\u0144czeniu wojny zosta\u0142 aresztowany przez w\u0142adze komunistyczne i\u00a0oskar\u017cony o\u00a0kolaboracj\u0119 z\u00a0okupantem. Mimo oczyszczenia z\u00a0zarzut\u00f3w przez s\u0105d, Politechnika Warszawska w kt\u00f3rej pracowa\u0142, odm\u00f3wi\u0142a ponownego przyj\u0119cia go w poczet profesor\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Czochralski musia\u0142 wi\u0119c kontynuowa\u0107 badania w rodzinnej Kcyni, gdzie wynalaz\u0142 m.in. znany \u201eproszek od kichania z\u00a0go\u0142\u0105bkiem\u201c oraz p\u0142yn do trwa\u0142ej ondulacji na zimno.<\/p>\n<p>Zmar\u0142 niespodziewanie w 1953 roku po rewizji Urz\u0119du Bezpiecze\u0144stwa w swojej willi.<\/p>\n<p>Dopiero ponad p\u00f3\u0142 wieku po \u015bmierci zosta\u0142 pe\u0142nie rehabilitowany (2011) i\u00a0Senat Politechniki Warszawskiej przywr\u00f3ci\u0142 mu tytu\u0142y profesorskie.<\/p>\n<p>Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej postanawia\u0142 odda\u0107 ho\u0142d jednemu z najwybitniejszych naukowc\u00f3w wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnej techniki, kt\u00f3rego prze\u0142omowe odkrycia przyczyni\u0142y si\u0119 do \u015bwiatowego rozwoju nauki w sze\u015b\u0107dziesi\u0105t\u0105 rocznic\u0119 \u015bmierci jego \u015bmierci og\u0142aszaj\u0105c rok 2013 rokiem jego rokiem (opr\u00f3cz W. Lutos\u0142awskiego i\u00a0J. Tuwima).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Opracowa\u0142: <em>Waldemar Oszcz\u0119da<\/em><!--:--><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rok 2013 rokiem &#8230; &nbsp; &#8230; Jana Czochralskiego (1885-1953) &nbsp; Jan Czochralski by\u0142 wybitnym polskim chemikiem, metaloznawc\u0105 i\u00a0wynalazc\u0105. Najbardziej znanym wynalazkiem Czochralskiego jest technika produkcji monokryszta\u0142\u00f3w p\u00f3\u0142metali,\u00a0metali\u00a0i ich\u00a0stop\u00f3w. Metoda Czochralskiego opracowana w 1916 roku jest najstarsz\u0105 i\u00a0 we wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnym techniki powszechnie stosowan\u0105 m.in. do produkcji na skal\u0119 przemys\u0142ow\u0105 monokryszta\u0142\u00f3w\u00a0krzemu\u00a0\/p\u00f3\u0142przewodnik\u00f3w\/. Jan Czochralski by\u0142 znanym uczonym, kt\u00f3ry [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1312","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-z-dejin-polska-zaujimavosti-novinky-aktuality","category-waldemar-oszczeda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/63"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1312"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1312\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1312"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}