{"id":3753,"date":"2016-05-03T19:07:01","date_gmt":"2016-05-03T17:07:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/?p=3753"},"modified":"2016-05-03T19:07:57","modified_gmt":"2016-05-03T17:07:57","slug":"pavol-orszagh-hviezdoslav","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/pavol-orszagh-hviezdoslav\/","title":{"rendered":"Pavol ORSZ\u00c1GH HVIEZDOSLAV"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Pavol\u00a0 <\/strong>ORSZ\u00c1GH HVIEZDOSLAV\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

(1849-1921)<\/strong>, s\u0142owacki poeta, dramatopisarz, t\u0142umacz<\/p>\n

Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 2 II 1849 w orawskiej miejscowo\u015bci Vy\u0161n\u00fd Kub\u00edn. Zmar\u0142 8 XI 1921 w mie\u015bcie Doln\u00fd Kub\u00edn. Wykszta\u0142cenie podstawowe zdoby\u0142 w szko\u0142ach wiejskich dzia\u0142aj\u0105cych wmiejscowo\u015bciach: Vy\u0161n\u00fd Kub\u00edn, Jasenov\u00e1 i Le\u0161tiny. W latach 1862\u201365 ucz\u0119szcza\u0142 do gimnazjum w w\u0119gierskim Miszkolcu, 1865\u201370 do ewangelickiego liceum w spiskim mie\u015bcie Ke\u017emarok (pol.<\/em>Kie\u017cmark), 1870\u201372 studiowa\u0142 na Akademii Prawniczej we wschodnios\u0142owackim mie\u015bcie Pre\u0161ov (pol.<\/em>Presz\u00f3w). Po studiach pracowa\u0142 jako aplikant adwokacki w Dolnom Kub\u00edne, Martine i Senicy. W latach 1879\u201399 by\u0142 adwokatem w orawskim mie\u015bcie N\u00e1mestovo, od 1899 r. w Doln\u00fd Kub\u00edn, gdzie mieszka\u0142. Od 1902 r. by\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wolnym literatem. W 1919 r. wybrany zosta\u0142 honorowym prezesem Macierzy S\u0142owackiej (Matica slovensk\u00e1). Tw\u00f3rczo\u015b\u0107 poetyck\u0105, dramaturgiczn\u0105 i t\u0142umaczenia P.Orsz\u00e1gha Hviezdoslava zaliczy\u0107 mo\u017cna do klasycznej literatury s\u0142owackiej. Pierwsze utwory poetyckie pisa\u0142 jako ucze\u0144 gimnazjum po w\u0119giersku i niemiecku. Od 1867 r. intensywnie tworzy\u0142 w ojczystym j\u0119zyku s\u0142owackim. S\u0142owack\u0105 poezj\u0105 debiutowa\u0142 w zbiorze \u201eB\u00e1snick\u00e9 prvosienky Jozefa Zbransk\u00e9ho\u201d (1868). Na studiach w Preszowie wsp\u00f3\u0142tworzy\u0142 i redagowa\u0142 almanach \u201eNapred\u201d (1871).W 1880 r. nie ukaza\u0142 si\u0119 przygotowany do druku zbi\u00f3r \u201eKrb a vatra\u201d, ale wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 wierszy z\u00a0niego pojawi\u0142a si\u0119 w czasopi\u015bmie \u201eSlovensk\u00e9 poh\u013eady\u201c, gdzie od 1881 r. poeta by\u0142 sta\u0142ym wsp\u00f3\u0142pracownikiem. Najbardziej owocnym okresem dzia\u0142alno\u015bci literackiej Hviezdoslava by\u0142 okres dwudziestoletniego pobytu w orawskim mie\u015bcie N\u00e1mestovo. Pod wp\u0142ywem czaruj\u0105co pi\u0119knego \u015brodowiska naturalnego, przyrody G\u00f3rnej Orawy, las\u00f3w i \u017cycia zwyk\u0142ego orawskiego cz\u0142owieka napisa\u0142 swoje najwi\u0119ksze utwory pe\u0142ne oryginalno\u015bci i poetyckiego pi\u0119kna. Wtedy powsta\u0142y: utw\u00f3r epiczno \u2013 liryczny \u201eH\u00e1jnikova \u017eena\u201c (1886), eposy \u201eE\u017eo Vlkolinsk\u00fd\u201c i \u201eG\u00e1bor Vlkolinsk\u00fd\u201c, cykle liryczne \u201eSonety\u201c i \u201eLetorosty\u201c oraz interesuj\u0105ce cykle liryki przyrodniczej \u201ePrech\u00e1dzky jarom\u201c \/Przechadzki wiosenne\/ i \u201ePrech\u00e1dzky letom\u201c \/Przechadzki letnie\/ (1898). W 1892 r. pojawi\u0142y si\u0119 \u201eZobran\u00e9 spisy b\u00e1snick\u00e9\u201c (zbiory wierszy).<\/p>\n

\"Pavol<\/a><\/p>\n

Pod koniec tw\u00f3rczo\u015bci opr\u00f3cz utwor\u00f3w lirycznych i kr\u00f3tkiej epiki napisa\u0142 w duchu Shakespeara dramat \u201eHerodes a Herodias\u201d (1909) oraz zajmowa\u0142 si\u0119 t\u0142umaczeniami literatury obcej. \u201eKrvav\u00e9 sonety\u201c \/Krwawe sonety\/ (1919) wyra\u017ca\u0142y protest tw\u00f3rcy przeciwko grozie pierwszej wojny \u015bwiatowej. Pojawi\u0142y si\u0119 w t\u0142umaczeniu na j\u0119zyk angielski i francuski.<\/p>\n

P.O. Hviezdoslav prze\u0142o\u017cy\u0142 klasyczne dzie\u0142a \u015bwiatowej literatury na j\u0119zyk s\u0142owacki:<\/p>\n

A.S.Puszkin \u2013 Borys Godunow<\/em>, Cygani<\/em>, Wi\u0119zie\u0144 kaukauski<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. J. Lermontow \u2013 Demon<\/em>, Pie\u015b\u0144 o carze Iwanowi Wasiliewiczowi<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Mickiewicz \u2013 Sonety krymskie<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Shakespeare \u2013 Hamlet<\/em>, Sen nocy \u015bwi\u0119toja\u0144skiej<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. W. Goethe \u2013 Faust<\/em>, Ifigenia<\/em><\/li>\n
  5. Madach \u2013 Tragedia cz\u0142owieka<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    oraz wyb\u00f3r z\u00a0wierszy S. Pet\u00f6fi, J. Arany, F. Schiller. T\u0142umaczy\u0142 utwory polskich poet\u00f3w: Mickiewicza i S\u0142owackiego.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Literatura i \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Oszcz\u0119da W., Zar\u0119bski M. A., Impresje S\u0142owackie czyli S\u0142owacja jeszcze bli\u017cej<\/em>, Stasz\u00f3w-\u017dilina 2001, str. 72<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Waldemar Ireneusz Oszcz\u0119da<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Pavol Orsz\u00e1gh Hviezdoslav<\/p>\n

    (\u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o: http:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pavol_Orsz%C3%A1gh_Hviezdoslav)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Pavol\u00a0 ORSZ\u00c1GH HVIEZDOSLAV\u00a0 (1849-1921), s\u0142owacki poeta, dramatopisarz, t\u0142umacz Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 2 II 1849 w orawskiej miejscowo\u015bci Vy\u0161n\u00fd Kub\u00edn. Zmar\u0142 8 XI 1921 w mie\u015bcie Doln\u00fd Kub\u00edn. Wykszta\u0142cenie podstawowe zdoby\u0142 w szko\u0142ach wiejskich dzia\u0142aj\u0105cych wmiejscowo\u015bciach: Vy\u0161n\u00fd Kub\u00edn, Jasenov\u00e1 i Le\u0161tiny. W latach 1862\u201365 ucz\u0119szcza\u0142 do gimnazjum w w\u0119gierskim Miszkolcu, 1865\u201370 do ewangelickiego liceum w spiskim mie\u015bcie […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":3754,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,1,7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-z-dejin-polska-zaujimavosti-novinky-aktuality","category-nezaradene","category-poliaci-vo-svete","category-waldemar-oszczeda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/63"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3753"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}