{"id":3797,"date":"2016-05-03T19:59:45","date_gmt":"2016-05-03T17:59:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/?p=3797"},"modified":"2016-05-03T19:59:45","modified_gmt":"2016-05-03T17:59:45","slug":"michal-peter-bohun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/michal-peter-bohun\/","title":{"rendered":"Michal Peter Boh\u00fa\u0148"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0MICHAL\u00a0PETER\u00a0BOH\u00da\u0147 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>(1822-1879)<\/strong>, s\u0142owacki malarz, litograf, pedagog.<\/p>\n<p>Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 29 IX 1822 w s\u0142owackiej miejscowo\u015bci Veli\u010dn\u00e1, na Orawie. Zmar\u0142 20 V 1879 na zapalenie p\u0142uc w Bia\u0142ej (obecnie dzielnica Bielska\u2013Bia\u0142ej), gdzie zosta\u0142 pochowany na cmentarzu ewangelickim. Szko\u0142\u0119 \u015bredni\u0105 uko\u0144czy\u0142 na Gemerze (<em>przyp.<\/em>region S\u0142owacji). W latach 1836\u201341 ucz\u0119szcza\u0142 do liceum w spiskim mie\u015bcie Levo\u010da (<em>pol.<\/em>Lewocza), w 1841\u201343 sko\u0144czy\u0142 kurs prawniczy w liceum Ke\u017emarok (<em>pol.<\/em>Kie\u017cmark). Tam r\u00f3wnie\u017c podj\u0105\u0142 pierwsze pr\u00f3by malarskie. W latach 1843\u201345 i 1846\u201347 studiowa\u0142 na Akademii Sztuk Pi\u0119knych w czeskiej Pradze, m.in. u prof. Christiana Rubena. W 1845 r. by\u0142 uczniem praskiego litografa F. \u0160\u00edry. Od 1847 r. dzia\u0142a\u0142 na S\u0142owacji. Rada miejska miasta Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica (<em>pol.<\/em>Ba\u0144ska Bystrzyca) odm\u00f3wi\u0142a\u00a0 jego pro\u015bbie i nie pozwoli\u0142a urz\u0105dzi\u0107 mu w tym mie\u015bcie warsztat litograficzny i atelier malarski. Z\u00a0tego powodu przeni\u00f3s\u0142 si\u0119 wi\u0119c do miejscowo\u015bci Lu\u010divn\u00e1 (1848\u201354). P\u00f3\u017aniej w latach 1854\u201365 przebywa\u0142 w mie\u015bcie Liptovsk\u00fd Mikul\u00e1\u0161 (<em>pol.<\/em>Liptowski Miko\u0142aj), gdzie by\u0142 nauczycielem rysunku w ewangelickiej szkole dla dziewcz\u0105t. W 1865 r. z przyczyn ekonomicznych i spo\u0142ecznych przyby\u0142 za namow\u0105 przyjaci\u00f3\u0142 (Salomon Kraus \u2013 bialski fotograf i malarz, Jakub H\u00f6nel \u2013 ewangelicki proboszcz w Bia\u0142ej) wraz z rodzin\u0105 do Lipnika ko\u0142o Bia\u0142ej w Galicji.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/bohun.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3799\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3799 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/bohun.jpg\" alt=\"bohun\" width=\"220\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/bohun.jpg 220w, https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/bohun-114x146.jpg 114w, https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/bohun-39x50.jpg 39w, https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/bohun-59x75.jpg 59w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>W latach 70.tych XIX w. jeszcze regularnie odwiedza\u0142 S\u0142owacj\u0119. Zmar\u0142 i zosta\u0142 pochowany na cmentarzu ewangelickim w Bielsku\u2013Bia\u0142ej. \u017bycie i dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107 tw\u00f3rcza M. Boh\u00fa\u0148a s\u0105 \u015bci\u015ble zwi\u0105zane z\u00a0okresem przebudzenia \u015bwiadomo\u015bci narodowej S\u0142owak\u00f3w i ruchu organizowanego \u013d. \u0160turem. Aktywnie si\u0119 do niego w\u0142\u0105czy\u0142 jako dzia\u0142acz narodowy i artysta. Tw\u00f3rczo\u015b\u0107 z\u00a0lat 1846\u201350 cechuj\u0105 atrybuty ruchu narodowego co widoczne jest zw\u0142aszcza w wyborze temat\u00f3w i ich przedstawieniu. Patos tego okresu, romantyka i idealizacja zawiera seria postaci s\u0142owackiego ludu i portrety uczestnik\u00f3w rewolucji wyobra\u017caj\u0105ce idea\u0142 fizycznego pi\u0119kna i moralnego bohatera narodowego. Od 1850 r. Boh\u00fa\u0148 zajmowa\u0142 si\u0119 malarstwem portretowym, gdzie wytworzy\u0142 typ reprezentacyjnego portretu przedstawicieli inteleligencji s\u0142owackiej i mieszcza\u0144stwa. W tej tw\u00f3rczo\u015bci opiera\u0142 si\u0119 na wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnych malarzach czeskich i s\u0142owackiej p\u00f3\u017anorenesansowej tradycji oraz portrecie klasyczno-empirycznym. Koncentrowa\u0142 si\u0119 na psychologizacji modeli, kt\u00f3r\u0105 pog\u0142\u0119bia\u0142 zw\u0142aszcza w ko\u0144cowym okresie tw\u00f3rczo\u015bci podkre\u015blaj\u0105c g\u0142\u00f3wnie realistyczne rysy malowanych os\u00f3b. Najbardziej znanymi postaciami s\u0142owackiego \u017cycia narodowego, kt\u00f3re portretowa\u0142, byli: S.Reuss, J.Ku\u010dera, J.Francisci, B.Nos\u00e1k-Nezabudov, S.B.Hrobo\u0148 i innych. By\u0142 jednym z cz\u0142onk\u00f3w za\u0142o\u017cycieli Macierzy S\u0142owackiej.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Literatura i \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Oszcz\u0119da W., Zar\u0119bski M. A., <em>Impresje S\u0142owackie czyli S\u0142owacja jeszcze bli\u017cej<\/em>, Stasz\u00f3w-\u017dilina 2001, str. 54<\/p>\n<p>htttp:\/\/nimoz.pl\/upload\/wydawnictwa\/&#8230;\/muz_45-7.pdf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Waldemar Ireneusz Oszcz\u0119da<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0MICHAL\u00a0PETER\u00a0BOH\u00da\u0147 \u00a0\u00a0 (1822-1879), s\u0142owacki malarz, litograf, pedagog. Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 29 IX 1822 w s\u0142owackiej miejscowo\u015bci Veli\u010dn\u00e1, na Orawie. Zmar\u0142 20 V 1879 na zapalenie p\u0142uc w Bia\u0142ej (obecnie dzielnica Bielska\u2013Bia\u0142ej), gdzie zosta\u0142 pochowany na cmentarzu ewangelickim. Szko\u0142\u0119 \u015bredni\u0105 uko\u0144czy\u0142 na Gemerze (przyp.region S\u0142owacji). W latach 1836\u201341 ucz\u0119szcza\u0142 do liceum w spiskim mie\u015bcie Levo\u010da (pol.Lewocza), [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":3798,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,1,7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-z-dejin-polska-zaujimavosti-novinky-aktuality","category-nezaradene","category-poliaci-vo-svete","category-waldemar-oszczeda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/63"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3797\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozpolonus.sk\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}